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Air cleaning is one of three methods of reducing pollutants
in indoor air. In order of effectiveness, the three methods
are:
removal of the source or control of its emissions,
ventilation,
air cleaning.
Air cleaning can be used as an adjunct to source control and
ventilation. However, air cleaning alone cannot adequately
remove all of the pollutants typically found in indoor air.
Should You Use Air Cleaners?
Many factors need to be considered in determining whether
use of an air cleaner is appropriate in a particular
setting. Therefore, the decision whether or not to use an
air cleaner is left to the individual. EPA has not taken a
position either for or against the use of these devices in
the home.
Will Air Cleaning Reduce Health Effects?
Air cleaners may reduce the health effects from some
particles - small solid or liquid substances suspended in
air, such as dust or light spray mists.
Some air cleaners, under the right conditions, can
effectively remove certain respirable-size particles (for
example, tobacco smoke particles). These invisible particles
are of concern because they can be inhaled deeply into the
lungs. Removing such particles may reduce associated health
effects in exposed people. These effects may range from eye
and lung irritation to more serious effects such as cancer
and decreased lung function.
Some controversy exists about whether air cleaners can
reduce the allergic reactions produced by larger particles
such as pollen, house dust allergens, some molds, and animal
dander. Most of these particles are found where they settle
on surfaces in the home, rather than in the air. They cannot
be removed by an air cleaner unless disturbed and
re-suspended in the air.
Air cleaners that do not contain special media, such as
activated carbon or alumina, will not remove gaseous
pollutants, including radon, or reduce their associated
health effects. Whether air cleaners that contain these
media are effective in reducing health risks from gaseous
pollutants cannot be adequately assessed at this time. In
addition, the effectiveness of air cleaners in reducing the
health risks from radon progeny (decay products) cannot be
adequately evaluated at present. The removal of gaseous
pollutants and radon and its progeny is not addressed
further in this fact sheet. Health effects from these
pollutants may be serious, however, and they are of concern
in indoor air.
Complete article can be found at: epa.gov/iaq/pubs/airclean.html
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